A rare disease known as sorghum ergot has reappeared in Nebraska for the first time since 2014. It may create harvest challenges for growers. The disease is usually found in southern states but has spread north this year due to wetter weather and persistent southern winds. Early reports show infections in forage sorghum in Nebraska. Kansas is reporting infection in both grain and forage sorghum.

Unlike ergot in wheat and rye, sorghum ergot does not produce toxic sclerotia. Instead, it fills the ovaries of sorghum flowers. This prevents seed formation and produces sticky, amber-colored “honeydew” that attracts insects and spreads spores. The infection favors cool, damp conditions and moderate temperatures during flowering.

Although the honeydew can reduce grain and forage quality, toxin production is rare in Nebraska. This means there is minimal risk to livestock feed. Male-sterile forage sorghum varieties are most susceptible, along with Johnsongrass and volunteer sorghum.

Fungicides are ineffective at this stage, so harvest management is key. Farmers are advised to delay harvest until after rain or frost to reduce stickiness, keep infected material separate, and test for toxins if concerned. Nebraska growers should contact extension offices or the University of Nebraska-Lincoln Diagnostic Clinic for confirmation and guidance.

Read more about the spread of sorghum ergot into Nebraska here.